Eczema is one of those skin conditions that can sneak up on anyone, turning what should be simple daily routines into a bit of a challenge. If you’ve ever dealt with dry, itchy, or inflamed skin on your hands, you’re not alone, as hand eczema is surprisingly common issue and can affect people of all ages. It’s not just a minor issue, but, this hand eczema can make everyday tasks uncomfortable, and in some cases, even painful.
Hand eczema, also referred to as hand dermatitis, is an inflammatory condition that affects the skin on your fingers and hands. Your skin turns red, itchy, dry, and even cracked and blistered at times. Eczema can appear anywhere on your body, but the hands are particularly susceptible since they’re exposed to the elements, water, soap, and a myriad of possible irritants all day long. This makes hand eczema a regular repeat offender among those who are employed or work in healthcare, food preparation, hairdressing, or any profession where frequent washing of the hands or exposure to chemicals is part of the job.
One particular type of hand eczema is dyshidrotic eczema or pompholyx. This variety is infamous for producing small, extremely itchy blisters on the fingers, palms, and occasionally the soles of the feet. These blisters may appear as small bubbles or tapioca pearls and usually develop suddenly, often with burning and tingling feelings. Dyshidrotic eczema is more common in young adults, particularly women, and frequently occurs in families. If you have another form of eczema or a history of allergy, you are more likely to develop dyshidrotic eczema.
The causes of hand eczema are somewhat of a mystery. Genetics play a big role if eczema, allergies, or asthma run in your family, you’re more likely to experience it yourself. But environmental triggers are just as important. Everyday substances like soaps, detergents, fragrances, latex, metals (especially nickel and chromium), and even certain plants can provoke a flare. For some, it’s not an allergy but simple irritation from repeated exposure to water or harsh chemicals. Stress, sweating, and weather changes particularly hot, humid weather also may trigger symptoms. Triggers in dyshidrotic eczema include such things as sweaty palms, excessive hand washing, and even smoking.
Hand eczema symptoms may vary from dryness and mild itching to full-blown redness, swelling, and tender blisters or cracks. The skin may be hot, rough, and scaly, and sometimes blisters ooze or become crusty. When the skin splits open, it may bleed or become sore, making it hard to move your fingers or hold things. Once blisters have healed, the skin peels, and it remains dry and sensitive. If the inflammation occurs in the fingertips, it may even alter the look of your nails in the long run.
Hand eczema is typically diagnosed by first closely examining your skin and considering your medical history. Dermatologists are trained to recognize eczema from other skin afflictions such as psoriasis or fungal infection. Patch testing might be performed to find out specific allergies at times, or a skin scraping or biopsy taken to eliminate other causes. The aim is to determine if your eczema is chronic, acute, or recurrent, and to find out any pattern or cause that could be exacerbating it.
Complications are possible if hand eczema is not treated well. The barrier function of the skin is impaired, and bacteria such as Staphylococcus or Streptococcus can more easily infect it. If infection occurs, you can notice a redness, swelling, pain, crusting, or pus blisters. If it is severe, inflammation may spread beyond the hands or affect the nails. If you experience any of these symptoms, you should consult a dermatologist immediately.
Treatment of hand eczema is simply soothing the inflammation, fixing the skin barrier, and staying away from triggers. Moisturizing is essential select thick, fragrance-free creams or ointments and use them frequently, particularly after washing your hands. Over-the-counter hydrocortisone ointment can be useful for mild flares. Severe flares can call for prescription-strength topical steroids or immunosuppressants such as tacrolimus or pimecrolimus. For severe or long-standing eczema, therapies such as phototherapy (with ultraviolet light) or oral medicines could be prescribed. In case of a fungal infection, antifungal tablets or creams could be required.
Lifestyle modification can be a significant factor. Attempt to recognize and steer clear of your own triggers journaling may assist. Protect your hands with gloves when washing or washing dishes, but be certain to dry thoroughly afterward. Employ gentle, non-soap cleansers and avoid soaking the skin for extended periods. Stress management by means of exercise, meditation, or adequate sleeping habits may also serve to keep the flares at bay, as stress happens to be a known trigger for most individuals.
Having hand eczema or dyshidrotic eczema is irritating, but most people manage to cope with their symptoms and maintain as healthy a complexion as they can. If you’re having trouble, don’t be afraid to see a dermatologist they can assist you in determining the most suitable plan of treatment for your individual case.