bone marrow transplants, requirements, precaution and process
Bone marrow transplants, also known as hematopoietic stem cell transplant, is a medical procedure used to replace damaged or diseased bone marrow with healthy bone marrow stem cells. In this article, we will discuss when a bone marrow transplant is required, the precautions that need to be taken, and the process of the transplant.
When is a Bone Marrow Transplant Required?
A bone marrow transplant is required when the bone marrow is not producing enough healthy blood cells. This can be due to a variety of reasons, including cancer treatment, bone marrow failure, or genetic disorders such as sickle cell anemia or thalassemia.
Precautions for Bone Marrow Transplant:
Before undergoing a bone marrow transplant, there are several precautions that need to be taken. These include:
- Finding a compatible donor – A suitable donor needs to be found whose bone marrow stem cells match the patient’s blood and tissue type.
- Preparing for the transplant – The patient may need to undergo chemotherapy or radiation therapy to destroy the diseased bone marrow cells before the transplant.
- Preventing infection – The patient will need to take medications to prevent infections and avoid contact with people who are sick.
- Following a strict diet – The patient may need to follow a strict diet to help their body recover from the transplant.
Process of Bone Marrow Transplant:
There are two types of bone marrow transplant – autologous and allogeneic.
- Autologous Bone Marrow Transplant: In an autologous transplant, the patient’s own bone marrow stem cells are collected and frozen before undergoing chemotherapy or radiation therapy. After the treatment, the frozen stem cells are thawed and infused back into the patient’s body to replace the damaged bone marrow.
- Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplant: In an allogeneic transplant, the donor’s bone marrow stem cells are collected through a process called apheresis. This involves removing blood from the donor’s body, separating out the stem cells, and returning the remaining blood to the donor. The stem cells are then infused into the patient’s body through a vein.
Once the bone marrow stem cells are infused, it may take several weeks for the body to start producing healthy blood cells. During this time, the patient will need to be closely monitored for any complications and may need to stay in the hospital for an extended period.
In conclusion, bone marrow transplant is a medical procedure used to replace damaged or diseased bone marrow with healthy bone marrow stem cells. It is required when the bone marrow is not producing enough healthy blood cells. Precautions need to be taken before undergoing the transplant, including finding a compatible donor and preparing for the transplant. The process of the transplant involves either an autologous or allogeneic transplant, with the bone marrow stem cells being collected and infused back into the patient’s body. If you or someone you know requires a bone marrow transplant, it is important to speak to a medical professional for further information.
We hope our readers will like above informative article on bone marrow transplants procedure.
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